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Oruç Reis
Oruç Reis ((トルコ語:Oruç Reis); (アラビア語:عروج بربروس); (スペイン語:Arrudye); 1474–1518) He was Ottoman ''Bey'' (governor) of Algiers and ''Beylerbey'' (chief governor) of the West Mediterranean and the elder brother of Hayreddin Barbarossa. He was born on the Ottoman island of Midilli (Lesbos in modern Greece) and was killed in a battle with the Spanish at Tlemcen in the Ottoman Eyalet of Algeria.
He became known as Baba Oruç or Baba Aruj (Father Oruç) when he transported large numbers of Morisco and Jewish refugees from Spain to North Africa; he was known through folk etymology in Europe as Barbarossa (which means ''Redbeard'' in Italian).
==Background==
His father was an Turk〔Cervantes y su mundo, Eva Reichenberger, page 134, 2005〕〔Encyclopædia Britannica, page 147, 1963〕〔Islam in the Balkans: religion and society between Europe and the Arab world, H. T. Norris, page 201, 1993〕〔Piri Reis & Turkish mapmaking after Columbus: the Khalili Portolan atlas, Svatopluk Soucek, Muʾassasat Nūr al-Ḥusayn, page 11, 1996〕 of Albanian origin.〔''Born in Mytilene around 1466 to a, Hayreddin, then called Hizir.'', Niccolò Capponi, ''Victory of the West: The Great Christian-Muslim Clash at the Battle of Lepanto'', Da Capo Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-306-81544-7, p. 30.〕〔''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Vol 1, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1972, p. 147.〕 His mother was a local Christian Greek woman from Mytilene, the widow of an Orthodox priest.〔''Hayreddin Barbarossa, who would rise to become the ruler of Algiers, and later admiral of the Ottoman fleet, was of Greek origin and got his start raiding the southern and western shores of Anatolia on behalf of Korkud, son of Bayezid...'', Virginia H. Aksan & Daniel Goffman, ''The early modern Ottomans: Remapping the Empire'', Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-521-81764-6, p. 106.〕〔''Their father was former Muslim soldier, probably from a recent converted family of the European Provinces. Their mother is said to have been the widow of a Greek priest.'', Frank Ronald Charles Bagley et al., ''The Last Great Muslim Empires: History of the Muslim World'', Brill Academic Publishers, 1997, p. 114.〕〔Die Seeaktivitäten der muslimischen Beutefahrer als Bestandteil der staatlichen Flotte während der osmanischen Expansion im Mittelmeer im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert, p.548, Andreas Rieger, Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 1994〕 Yakup Ağa took part in the Ottoman conquest of Lesbos (Midilli) from the Genoese in 1462, and as a reward, was granted the fief of the Bonova village in the island. He married a local Christian Greek woman from Mytilene, the widow of an Orthodox priest, named Katerina,〔Die Seeaktivitäten der muslimischen Beutefahrer als Bestandteil der staatlichen Flotte während der osmanischen Expansion im Mittelmeer im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert, p.548, Andreas Rieger, Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 1994〕 and they had two daughters and four sons: Ishak, Oruç, Hizir and Ilyas. Yakup became an established potter and purchased a boat to trade his products. The four sons helped their father with his business, but not much is known about the daughters. At first Oruç helped with the boat, while Hizir helped with pottery.
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